What does 'resistance' in pest populations refer to?

Resistance in pest populations specifically refers to the capability of pests to survive exposure to pesticides that would normally be lethal. It develops when a population is exposed to a particular pesticide over time, leading to the survival and reproduction of individuals that have or acquire genetic traits making them less susceptible to the chemical. This phenomenon can result from various factors, such as changes in the pest's physiology or behavior that help them withstand the toxic effects of the pesticide.

Understanding this concept is crucial in pest management, as it impacts the effectiveness of pesticide applications and emphasizes the need for integrated pest management strategies. Such strategies may include rotating different classes of pesticides, using biological control methods, and implementing cultural practices to reduce pest populations, ultimately preventing or managing resistance in pest populations.