Which of the following methods is least likely to be effective in integrated pest management?

The use of only chemical pesticides is the least effective approach in integrated pest management (IPM) because IPM emphasizes a holistic strategy that incorporates multiple methods to manage pests sustainably and effectively. Relying solely on chemical pesticides can lead to several issues, including pest resistance, environmental degradation, non-target effects on beneficial organisms, and potential harm to human health.

In contrast, employing cultural practices, utilizing biological controls, and implementing habitat management are all strategies that align well with the IPM philosophy. Cultural practices can be effective in reducing pest populations through methods such as crop rotation, proper sanitation, and selecting resistant plant varieties. Biological controls involve using natural predators or parasitoids to manage pest species, contributing to the ecological balance. Habitat management can enhance the presence of beneficial insects and create conditions less favorable for pests.

Overall, while chemical pesticides can be a useful part of the pest management toolbox, relying exclusively on them does not support the diversity and sustainability that integrated pest management seeks to achieve.